Julien fkanqois belleville



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JULIEN FRANQOIS BELLEYILLE, OF PARIS, FRANCE.

Letters Patent No. 82,276, elated September 22, 1868.

IMPROVEMENT IN REGULATORS FOR STEAM-ENGINES.

V'.lO WHOM IT MAY CONCERN;

Be it known that I, JULIEN FnANors BELLEVILLE, of Paris, in the Empire of France, have invented a new and improved Spring-Regulator; and I hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings.

The spring-regulator or governor, -in which my invention consists, is composed of a series of superposed pairs of annular spring-disks, of concavo-convex form, or shaped as' described in Letters Patent granted me, June 1,8, 1867, placed together upon a suitable rod or spindle, and arranged in such manner that the two disks of each pair shall present to one another their concave faces, and thus be in contact at their outer circumference or edge only. Y

The annular spring-disks and their spindle are enclosed within a cylinder, through the head of which the upper end ofthe rod is capable of playing up and down without friction.

The joints between the twovdisks of the same pair, and the contiguous disks of adjoining pairs, should be packed so as to prevent all communication between the space included in the cylinder and that enclosed by the springs, and thus, it" steam or other fluid be introduced into the cylinder, any excess of pressure will tend to compress the springs, and consequently to force up the rod by which they are supported. If this rod be connected with the valve or cock which regulates the passage of the fluid to the cylinder, it will be seen that the quantity of the iiuid or its pressure may be regulated and determined with the greatest ease.

This apparatus is useful in all cases where it is required to transmit, through the intermediary of fluids, continuous and uniform power or pressure without loss by friction, dto., and also when it is necessary that the transmitting-agent should, after transmitting the power or pressure, automatically resume its original or normal position. For this reason, it is specially applicable as a hydraulic or gas-regulatorl or governor to all motors actuated by these iiuids, such as steam-engines, water-wheels, or turbines, tc.

' The nature of my invention will be readily comprehended by reference to the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure 1 represents a vertical section of 'several pairs of the annular spring-disks, formed as above described, united as hereinafter specied. i i

' Figure 2 is a plan view of one of the disks.

Figure 3 is a vertical central section of the spring-regulator or governor complete.

Figure 4 is a horizontal section of the same.

The annular spring-disks A are united in pairs, in the manner hereinhefore specified, which are placed one upon the other, as shown in fig. 1. When applied to certain uses, each disk may have its inner and outer circumference placed in juxtaposition with the respective inner and outer edges or circumferences of the annular disks immediately above and below it, without any other fastening than the interposed washers B, of rubber packing, or` other suitable substance for making a tight joint. This method, however, of uniting the springs, is only applicable when the spring-apparatus, compressed by an'iexterior force, z'. e., exterior to the cylinder F, is required to react or return to its normal position, as, for example, when it is used for operating a chimney-valve. But when it is required that the spring should resist the action of` liuids introduced within the cylinder, it becomes necessary to rivet together the inner circumferences,'and sometimes the outer "circumferences of the disks, whenever there is reason to fear that the resistance of the object to be operated may occasionally exceed the amount of pressure brought to bear upon the surface of any one disk. It will of course be understood that, whether the disks be riveted together or not, the washers' or packing B, for making a tight joint, must he interposed between them. v

The annular disks A, the number, diameter, and thickness of which may be varied in proportion to the elasticity and resistance desired, are traversed by a rod, C, attached at one extremity to the lower disk, or to the plate C which takes the place of the lower disk. As noneof the disks fit closely around the rod, there is thus a continuous space enclosed within them.

The upper disk bears againstthe cover D, against which it is pressed by the tightening-nut E, which is screwed down on that end of the rod G which passes through the cover, just far enough to cause the disks to beslightly pressed together, in order to make thejo'ints between them hermetically tight.

The rod C passes loosely through the cover Asothat the space enclosed within the spring-disks is inas constant communication with the outside ain, and the interior surface of the disks is therefore subjectedr to atmospheric pressure only. 1;'-

After the springs are thus connected withthe cover l), tue iatteris fastened over the cylinder F, so as to form a perfectly tight joint. The cylinder is provided with an induction-tube, Gr, and a valve or gauge-cock, N, for regulating the discharge ofthe fluid from the cylinder. l

The apparatus, arranged as just explained, isY applied or used as follows:

First. The end, C, of the rod C is put in communication, either directly or through the intermediary of gear, levers, rods, or chains, with the machine or object to be regulated, operated, or compressed.

Second. The tube G of the cylinder F is put in communication with the machine, whether it be a pump or boiler, or any reservoir whatsoever, intended to transmit, through the intermediary of a fluid, a pressure `superior to that of the atmosphere,vwhich, in' acting within the cylinder F, and upon th-e exterior surfaces of the spring, will compress it, and cause the rod Gto move out from the cover D a distance correspondingto the -degree of compression of the spring. v

When the spring is employed to regulate the power and velocity of motor-machines, the tube G of the cylinder F is put in communication with a special air or water-pump, operated by the motor-machine itself.

0n the exterior of the cylinder F is arranged a discharge or regulating-cock,-N, the opening of which is governed by the degree of velocity required for the machine. y

If, .from any cause, during the operation, the velocity of the machine is accelerated, the volume of water furnished by the pump in a unit of time being more considerable than that which can be discharged from the discharge-cock N during .thesame time at the rate fixed' upon, it results that a corresponding pressure is exerted upon the spring, and, therefore, the rod C is projected from the vcover- D, and acts proportionally,

either on the supply-pipe or expansion-gear ofthe machine, if it be a' steam-engine, or upon the supply-cock if the motor is hydraulic'. The velocity of the machine may thus be accelerated or retarded, by opening, more or less, the discharge or regulating-cock N.

When the spring is intended to regulate the pressure of steam in a boiler, the interior of the surrounding cylinder F is put in communication with the boiler, and therod C with the chimney-valves, through the intermediary of chains and levers, if it be necessary to increase the resistance.

The transmission of the movement is accomplished in such manner that-in proportion as the pressure of the steam increases in the boiler, the spring, in being compressed, closes more and' more the valve, and in proportion as the pressuredecreases, the reaction of the spring will cause the valve to open. As the springapparatus has in itself no friction to overcome, its action will, therefore, be regnlar, and not variable.

For most uses the spring should be metallic, but it may be, forl certain applications, composed of animal or vegetable material, employed alone or in conjunction with metals ormetallic springs. Thus, for example, the spring may be composed of disks of rubber, under an arrangement analogous to that of bulfers in railwaycarriages. The form, arrangement, and proportions of these springs, as well as the modes of adapting or ltting them for di'erent uses, may, of course, be greatly varied. Thus, for example, the spring may be arranged so that its exterior surface shall be in contact with the surrounding air, and its interior surface receive the action of the compressed uid. In this case, the spring willbe composed of springs more or less dat, riveted together,

las before described, and its motion should be limited by a bu'er, so that, under the action of the pressure of the uids, the limit of the elasticity of which the spring is capable maynot be exceeded.

Having described my invention, and the manner in which the same is or may be carried into effect, what I claim, and desire tosecure by Letters Patent, isi The arrangement, in the cylinder F, provided with steam-admission and discharging openings, as described, of the spindle C, and annular spring-disks A, mounted upon the said spindle, and united or riveted together in the manner specied, and provided at the points where their outer and inner edges are in contact with'a packing, B, as set forth. y i

In testimony whereof, I have signed my name to this specification before two subscribing witnesses.

J. F. BELLEVILLE'. Witnesses A. BLTRY,

JNO. HAND. 

